Understanding Lumbar Disc Herniation and Effective Care Tips
Lumbar disc herniation occurs when the intervertebral discs in the lower back degenerate, leading to the rupture of the annulus fibrosus and the protrusion of the nucleus pulposus. This condition can irritate or compress nerve roots and cauda equina, resulting in a variety of clinical symptoms. The most common symptom experienced by patients is pain. How can one effectively care for lumbar disc herniation? Here are several essential care strategies:
1. Bed Rest
Initially, patients should practice absolute bed rest for about one week following the onset of symptoms. It is advisable to use a firm mattress while lying in a supine position. A soft cushion can be placed under the lower back to maintain the natural physiological curve of the lumbar spine. This positioning promotes blood circulation and alleviates pain.
2. Proper Getting Up Technique
Patients often make the mistake of sitting up suddenly after waking, which can strain the back. Instead, after waking, they should perform gentle exercises by bending their legs while lying on the bed, followed by using their arms to support their upper body as they sit up.
3. Maintain Correct Posture
It is crucial for patients with lumbar disc herniation to maintain correct sitting posture. They should also incorporate light massage on the lower back and feet into their routine. Engaging in gentle exercises and taking regular walks can help stretch and relax the lumbar muscles.
4. Walking Techniques
While walking, patients should engage their abdominal muscles. During prolonged periods of standing, it is advisable not to keep both feet parallel. Instead, placing one foot on a low platform or stone can provide relief and help maintain comfort.
5. Implement Traction Exercises
Utilizing available resources, patients can perform traction exercises by holding onto a door frame with both hands, allowing their body to hang naturally and relax. This should be done twice daily for about 5 to 10 minutes. Alternatively, lying on a bed and gripping the headboard while pushing the toes toward the foot of the bed can be beneficial, conducted once or twice daily for 10 to 20 minutes.
6. Strengthening Core Muscles
During the acute phase, patients can start with the five-point support exercise. In a supine position, use the head, elbows, and feet to support the body while lifting it upward for 2 to 5 minutes, twice daily. After one month, the three-point support exercise can be introduced, using the head and feet for support and raising the body for 4 to 6 minutes, again twice daily.
Applying these care strategies can significantly benefit individuals dealing with lumbar disc herniation and contribute to their overall recovery and well-being.