The Impact of Hostility on Heart Disease Risk
Recent research suggests that hostility may not be directly linked to a decreased risk of heart disease, as it is characterized as a personality trait rather than a medical condition. However, studies have indicated that cognitive behavioral therapy can reduce levels of hostility and may subsequently lower blood pressure.
Study Findings on Hostility and Heart Disease
In a four-year follow-up study, researchers found a significant correlation between hostility levels and heart disease in male patients. Men with higher hostility test scores were found to have twice the risk of developing heart disease-related conditions or requiring hospitalization compared to those with lower scores. Surprisingly, for women, there was no such correlation with hostility test scores.
Understanding Hostility
The study defined hostility not only as aggression or irritability but also encompassed traits such as distrust, cynicism, easy irritability towards others, and impatience. Conducted by researchers at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, the study involved 139 male and 88 female subjects diagnosed with coronary artery disease. All participants underwent a personality assessment known as the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale.
Implications for Male Patients
According to the findings, male patients exhibiting higher levels of hostility displayed a greater likelihood of experiencing heart attacks and requiring hospital treatment compared to their more agreeable counterparts. These results, however, did not apply to female patients.
Advice for Men
Experts strongly advise men to reconsider their hostile behaviors. Not only does hostility adversely affect mental health, but it can also diminish personal charm and contribute to physical illnesses. By addressing and reducing hostility, individuals can improve both their psychological well-being and their overall health.
In summary, while hostility as a personality trait is not classified as a disease, its implications for heart health—especially among men—are significant. Taking proactive steps to manage hostility may lead to better health outcomes and improved quality of life.